Abstract
Background
To address underreporting and inform TB policy, a nationwide prevalence survey was conducted in Kenya to quantify the burden of pulmonary TB.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey of 63,050 adults across 100 clusters employed symptom screening, chest x-rays, and sputum tests (smear microscopy, culture, Xpert MTB/RIF).
Results
305 TB cases were confirmed, with a prevalence of 558/100,000. Many cases were asymptomatic or missed by symptom screening alone, but chest x-ray identified 88% of cases.
Conclusion
TB burden in Kenya is significantly underdiagnosed. Scaling up x-ray screening and improving case detection are critical to ending TB.
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